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Kadiri-9 (K-9) groundnut Photo: Mark Stebnicki · Pexels License · source ↗

Kadiri-9 (K-9) groundnut

Kadiri-9 (K-9) is a short-duration Spanish-bunch groundnut variety developed at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS) Kadiri under ANGRAU. It is among the most widely sown groundnut varieties of Anantapuramu district after K-6, and is appreciated for fitting the short rainy season typical of the Anantapur-Chittoor-YSR Kadapa belt of Rayalaseema.

Key characteristics

  • Breeder: ANGRAU, RARS Kadiri
  • Type: Spanish bunch (erect habit)
  • Duration: 100-105 days (kharif), 110-120 days (rabi/summer)
  • Pod yield: 18-22 q/ha (1800-2200 kg/ha) under rainfed kharif
  • Shelling: ~70% with bold, light-tan kernels
  • Reaction: tolerant to leaf spot, rust and drought

Cultivation zones

K-9 is officially recommended by ANGRAU for the rainfed kharif tract of Anantapuramu, Sri Sathya Sai, Annamayya, YSR Kadapa, Chittoor and Tirupati districts of Andhra Pradesh, as well as adjoining Karnataka. It is also grown in rabi-summer under irrigation in Kurnool and Nandyal. ANGRAU continues to produce K-9 breeder seed every season alongside K-6, Kadiri Lepakshi, Dharani, Narayani, Kadiri Harithandhra and Kadiri Amaravati, indicating its central place in the seed-chain for southern Andhra Pradesh.

Pests, diseases and management

K-9 carries field tolerance to early and late leaf spot but is not immune; protective sprays of mancozeb 0.25% or hexaconazole 0.1% from 30 DAS are routinely recommended in heavy-infection years. The variety is moderately susceptible to jassid (Empoasca kerri) and thrips, so the standard ICAR-DGR/AICRP-Groundnut sucking-pest advisory applies - need-based imidacloprid 17.8 SL 0.3 ml/L or dimethoate 30 EC 0.03%. Stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) becomes a problem under continuous monocropping; gypsum application at peg initiation and Trichoderma seed treatment are advised.

Usage and adoption

Because K-9 matures earlier than K-6, it escapes terminal drought during late-kharif dry spells - a recurring problem in Anantapur. Farmers also choose it for its bold-grain market preference. ANGRAU and KVK Kalyandurg recommend a seed rate of 110-125 kg/ha (kernels) at 30 x 10 cm spacing, with 20:40:50 kg NPK/ha plus gypsum 500 kg/ha at flowering. As with all Spanish bunch types, harvest at 80-85% pod maturity to minimise aflatoxin risk.

See also: Groundnut Crop, Kadiri 6 Groundnut, Kadiri Lepakshi 1812, Tikka Leaf Spot Groundnut, Jassid Groundnut.

Sources

  1. Groundnut variety list - ANGRAU. ANGRAU.
  2. Compendium of Notified Groundnut Varieties of India. ICAR-DGR Junagadh.