Photo: Sajal's Gallery · Pexels License · source ↗
PMFBY state-level implementation and claims process
PMFBY is a centrally-sponsored scheme operationalised by participating state governments under guidelines issued by the Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare (DA&FW). The 2020 Revamped guidelines made participation voluntary for both farmers and states — leading to a fluid pattern of state exits, re-entries and alternative state-only crop insurance models.
State participation status
As of 2025, PMFBY is implemented in 22 states and 3 union territories. Notable non-participation:
- Andhra Pradesh — opted out of PMFBY in 2020-21, ran the state-funded YSR Free Crop Insurance Scheme on Bhu Bharati / e-Crop area-yield data, then rejoined PMFBY from kharif 2022
- Telangana — has stayed outside PMFBY since 2020, runs a residual cover linked to Rythu Bandhu/Rythu Bharosa; some districts moved to RWBCIS
- West Bengal — left PMFBY in 2018-19; operates Bangla Shasya Bima (BSB) where state bears the entire farmer premium
- Bihar — left in 2018; operates Bihar Rajya Fasal Sahayata Yojana (BRFSY), a state-funded scheme
- Gujarat, Jharkhand, Punjab — non-participants for various stretches; intermittent re-joins
Notified crops and areas
Each participating state notifies the crops to be covered, the Insurance Unit (gram panchayat or village for major crops; revenue circle/taluk for minor ones), the premium subsidy share, the indemnity level (70%, 80% or 90% of Threshold Yield) and the cluster boundaries. The state agriculture department uploads the notification to pmfby.gov.in before the cut-off.
Farmer-level enrolment
- Non-loanee farmers: enrol via the pmfby.gov.in portal or app, the Common Service Centre (CSC), bank branch, or insurer agent. Aadhaar, land record (pattadar passbook), bank account and sown-area declaration are mandatory.
- Loanee farmers with KCC crop loan: were auto-enrolled till 2019; now voluntary — bank deducts premium and remits unless the farmer files an opt-out declaration with the bank before the cut-off.
Claims flow at state level
- Notification of loss: Localised calamity within 72 hours; mid-season adversity by state department; CCE-based at harvest
- Field survey or CCE: Joint survey (insurer + state) for localised; Crop Cutting Experiments at the Insurance Unit for area-yield component
- Yield data upload: State agriculture department uploads CCE results on pmfby.gov.in within the prescribed window
- Premium subsidy reconciliation: Centre and state release subsidy to insurer
- Claim disbursal: Insurer pays directly to Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT within 21 days of receipt of yield data and subsidy
State-level technologies
The 2020 reforms introduced Smart-Sampling Technique (SST) and the use of remote-sensing/satellite imagery, Crop Insurance Mobile App, and the National Crop Insurance Portal (NCIP) which integrates Aadhaar, land record, bank, premium and claim flows. Andhra Pradesh's e-Crop and Telangana's Crop Booking platforms feed state-specific area-sown verification.
Common state-level disputes
- CCE sample plot selection bias and CCE result disputes
- Insurance Unit (gram panchayat vs. revenue circle) — larger units dilute localised loss recognition
- Premium subsidy arrears delaying disbursal
- Late state notification beyond the recommended cut-off
- Sum-insured below cost of cultivation, especially for horticultural crops
Related pages
See also: PMFBY overview, PMFBY cluster tendering and claims cycle, RWBCIS weather insurance, CCE crop cutting experiments, Rythu Bima.
Sources
- PMFBY Operational Guidelines — Revamped 2020. DA&FW.
- States exiting and rejoining PMFBY. Press Information Bureau.
- PMFBY farmer dashboard. pmfby.gov.in.