Pyrithiobac sodium and quizalofop-p-ethyl (cotton)
Pyrithiobac sodium and quizalofop-p-ethyl are the two CIBRC-labelled selective post-emergence herbicides for cotton in India. They are used either as standalone sprays (Hitweed 10% EC; Targa Super 5% EC) or as ready-mix MEC formulations (Hitweed Maxx Cotton and Kevat Ultra Cotton) for one-shot broadleaf and grass control.
Composition / Active ingredient
- Pyrithiobac sodium: 10% EC (Hitweed) — Pyrimidinylthiobenzoate
- Quizalofop-p-ethyl: 5% EC (Targa Super) — Aryloxyphenoxy-propionate "fop"
- Ready-mixes: Pyrithiobac 6% + Quizalofop-ethyl 4% MEC (Hitweed Maxx, Kevat Ultra)
Mode of action
The two molecules cover complementary weed spectra through different enzyme targets:
- Pyrithiobac sodium inhibits acetolactate synthase (ALS), the entry enzyme of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis. HRAC Group 2. Active mainly on broadleaf weeds with some grass activity.
- Quizalofop-p-ethyl inhibits acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), the entry enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis in grass meristems. HRAC Group 1. Active only on grasses; broadleaves are inherently tolerant.
Cotton is naturally tolerant to both molecules because of differential herbicide metabolism.
Target use and dose
Registered post-emergent timing is at the 2-4 leaf stage of weeds (typically 20-30 days after sowing). Pyrithiobac controls Trianthema, Amaranthus, Digera, Phyllanthus and other broadleaves; quizalofop controls Echinochloa, Digitaria, Dinebra, Cynodon and other grasses. The ready-mix MEC products achieve both in a single pass without the operator preparing a tank-mix.
Safety and regulatory status
Both molecules are selective only on cotton in India; drift to pulses, oilseeds and most vegetables causes severe injury. ACCase and ALS resistance has been documented in several grass and broadleaf weed species globally; rotation with Pendimethalin Cotton Preemergent (HRAC 3) at pre-emergence and Upl Sweep Power Glufosinate (HRAC 10) on bunds is the standard resistance-management practice.
Related entries
See also: Hitweed Maxx Cotton, Kevat Ultra Cotton, Agil Propaquizafop Cotton, Pendimethalin Cotton Preemergent.
References
- Hitweed Maxx. Godrej Agrovet.
- Tata Kevat Ultra. Kisan Center.